High Priest's bell found.

A pomegranate of gold with a bell inside it has been found in a 2000 year-old sewer in Jerusalem. It could be from the hem of the Cohen Godol's Meil.

 

Here is the view from the bottom.

 

In proportion:

 

There is a tongue inside of the (paamon)bell so that it produces a sound when the wearer of the bell walks. We also see that the bell was closed. These hang in some kind of association with cloth rimonim (pomegranates)

There are two major ways in which the paamon and rimon are envisioned by commentators. Rashi(Shemos 28:33) says that the paamonim were like zagin (seeds), presumably oval shaped objects with tongues inside of them, like our bells. He does not specify if they were open like the bellls in our day, or closed, like in the bell that was found in Yerushalaim. The bells were interspersed with pomegranates. The noise was not produced by paamonim and rimonim striking each other but by the tongues within the paamonim. Rashbam seems to understand that there were no tongues within the bells but they struck each other across the pomegranates and produced noise that way. I imagine that this could be accomplishd by hanging them from a shorter or longer longer string than the pomegranates, like in the illustration on the right.

 

Ramban says that paamonim were inside closed rimonim and there were tongues inside which produced noise when the tongues struck the inside of the paamonim. The sound would have been quite muted,

There were a total of 72 rimonim with paamonim( with their tongues) inside them, 36 on the front hem and 36 on the back hem of the Meil. Pomegranates enveloped bells with tongues inside them.

In Shemos 39:25 it says that, "you should put paamonim with (Btoch) harimonim", which can mean both "in between" "and "inside". Both Rashi and Ramban are supported by this verse.

The number of the bells is not clear. In Shemos 28:34, Ramban says that there were 72. This comes from Zevachim 88b, where there is also a view that there were 36, eighteen on the front and 18 on the back.

Targum Yonasan in Tetzaveh says that there were 72 but in Pikudei he says that there were 71.

About six months ago, I read in the (anonymous)column 'Mishnas Chaim" in a local throwaway, without attribution, an intersting explanation of this disrepancy. He says that initially, in Tetsaveh, the bells were inside the pomegranates and there were 72 of them. Pikudei presents things as they were after the Sin of the Golden Calf. Many things changed becasue of them. One of these changes was that the bells became placed in between the pomegranates. In this arrangments there would have been 72 pomegranates and only 71 bells.

After the Golden Calf, there was a need for a greater revelation and the bells and their call were on the outside and less muted.

 

 

Comments

[Yaakov Feldman]

You can hear the bell rung here -- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjx9tP3yTRI&feature=youtu.be .

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