Panim Chadashos: an explanation of an obscure halacha.

The light of a man's face during the day during the week is not the same as it is on Shabbos (Gen.Rabbah 11:2)

On Shabbos the face of every person is transformed. The gemara in Ketubot 7b says that Rabi Yehuda rules that sheva berachot are recited for all seven days so long as "panim chadashot," literally "new faces," have come to celebrate. If there are no panim chadashot, the law is that only the last of the sheva berachot ("asher bara") is recited.Tosafot note that Shabbat and holidays are also referred to as panim chadashot, based on a Midrash where Hashem refers to Shabbat as such (the logical extension to holidays is made by the various commentators).This is why on Shabbos each person has a "A New Face (Panim Chadashos) ", and can be counted for a minyan for Sheva Brochos, even he already attended a previous sheva brochos (Sefas Emes).

"The face of a person shows his internal situation (matsav ruach), if it is setteld or he is upset ( Klach 32)". In Daas Tevunos 2:9 , Ramchal farther explains that the face is called Panim while the inner world of a person is called pnim. This is because the face reflects what is deeper and inside. "After all, we can clearly determine if a person is alive or dead by the pallor of his face, or whether he’s ill or well by the hue and tone of his face, and we could even be said to “read” a person’s thoughts on his face thanks to its affect, color, and configuration. For, the very physical human face is capable of reflecting the soul to the eye that’s sensitive enough to read it."

Thus, on Shabbos the inner state of a person is different, whch in turns is reflected in his countenance. In what way is it different?

As is well known, the soul of a person is elevated on Shabbos. With Borechu in the Friday night, he receives the “Ru’ah” portion of the extra soul with which we are endowed on Shabbat. The “Neshama” aspect of the extra soul descends upon a person later during Maariv, during the recitation of “U’fros Alenu Sukat Shelomecha.”

So what we have is that on Shabbos the inner state of person changes, which changes his face as well. In this sense, we can speak of Panim Chadashos on Shabbos and explain the halacha of Panim Chadashos on Shabbos.

 

 

 

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